1.3.4.4 Consequences for Production
Production is directly influenced by measures for improving
land management It is indirectly influenced by incentives
affecting work performance and investments that ensue from
a land ownership reform. Regarding the effects on the production
rate, it is possible to differentiate between short term and
long term effects. In the short run, there is the danger that
there will be a setback in production; or at least, significant
increases should not be expected. Particularly slow enforcement
of the reform causes periods of insecurity. The new farmers
still lack experience and do not have sufficient inputs. In
the case of collectivization, the new organizational and decisional
structures have to get into full swing. The danger of a setback
in production can, however, be reduced greatly by mans of
intensive land management reforms measures.
In the long-run, an increase in production can be expected.
The new farmers have reason to work hard, and the old large
landowners will try to make up for losses by intensive cultivation
of the remaining land at their disposal. This will, on the
other hand, be all the more successful the more intensive
the help given by means of providing the necessary services.
The higher the level of development, the easier this is, and
therefore it is possible in this case to expect larger increases
in production than at a lower level.
The effects of the agrarian reforms on the type of production
are generally clearer. The transition from large to small
farms leads to a tendency to increase the planting of crops
that guarantee self- sufficiency, animal husbandry, multi
crop farming instead of one crop farming, and annual instead
of perennial crops. The drop in the market share resulting
from this can be aggravated by the new farmers increasing
their consumption. Fears that the rural population's supply
will suffer are generally exaggerated and are the result of
false agrarian reform measures. Appropriate measure for promoting
land management make it possible to avoid decreases in the
share designated for the market and setbacks in the cultivation
of export crops.
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